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Fruit & Nut Research & Information Center

Fruit & Nut Crop Chill Portions Requirements

Chill Portions Requirements, Calculated using the Dynamic Model

Compiled by Katherine Pope, Orchard Advisor, UC Cooperative Extension

CropCultivarChill Portions
AlmondDesmayo Largueta128
Ferragnes132
Nonpareil1,222-23
 
AppleGolden Delicious350
 
ApricotBergeron4,562-65
Búlida4,554-56
Canino530-45
Currot4,6,534-40
Dorada4,556-58
Goldrich662
Murciana4,556
Orange Red4,5,655-69
Palsteyn532-37
Rojo Pasion4,548-51
San Castrese655
Selene4,557
 
CherryBrooks737
Burlat3,748-53
Cristobalina730
Lapins335
Marvin758
New Star754
Rainier345
Ruby748
Sam370
Somerset748
 
NectarineAprilglo312
Fantasia842
Flavortop841
Mayglo318
Sunlite833
 
PeachAndross963
Big Top963
Earligrande312
Flordaprince38
Maravilha312
O’Henry963
Redhaven375
 
PistachioKerman2,1054-58
Mateur1136
Peters2,1058-65
Sirora1260
 
PruneImproved French1055-60
 
WalnutChandler1045-50
Hartley1354
Payne1438

 Numbers next to cultivar name indicates information source.

1. Ramirez, L., K. X. Sagredo, et al. (2010). Prediction models for chilling and heat requirements to estimate full bloom of almond cultivars in the Central Valley of Chile. Acta Horticulturae 872: 107-112.
2. Pope, K., et al. (2014). Nut crop yield records show that budbreak-based chilling requirements may not reflect yield decline chill thresholds. International Journal of Biometeorology: 1-9.
3. Erez, A. (2000). Bud dormancy; phenomenon, problems and solutions in the tropics and subtropics. Temperate fruit crops in warm climates. A. Erez. Dordrecht, The Netherlands, Kluwer Academic Publishers: 17-48.
4. Ruiz, D., J. A. Campoy, et al. (2007). Chilling and heat requirements of apricot cultivars for flowering. Environmental and Experimental Botany 61: 254-263.
5. Campoy (2012) The fulfilment of chilling requirements and the adaptation of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) in warm winter climates: An approach in Murcia (Spain) and the Western Cape (South Africa)
6. Viti, R., L. Andreini, et al. (2010). Effect of climatic conditions on the overcoming of dormancy in apricot flower buds in two Mediterranean areas: Murcia (Spain) and Tuscany (Italy). Scientia Horticulturae. 124: 217-224.
7. Alburquerque, N., F. Garcia-Montiel, et al. (2008). Chilling and heat requirements of sweet cherry cultivars and the relationship between altitude and the probability of satisfying the chill requirements. Environmental and Experimental Botany 64: 162-170.
8. Linsley-Noakes, G. C. and P. Allan (1994). Comparison of two models for the prediction of rest completion in peaches. Scientia Horticulturae 59: 107-113.
9. Miranda (2013) Evaluation and fitting of models for determining peach phenological stages at a regional scale
10. Estimate based on chill accumulation in California’s Central Valley in the winter of 2013-2014, spring phenology and final yields.
11. Elloumi, O., M. Ghrab, et al. (2013). "Chilling accumulation effects on performance of pistachio trees cv. Mateur in dry and warm area climate." Scientia Horticulturae (Amsterdam) 159: 80-87.
12. Zhang, J. and C. Taylor (2011). "The Dynamic Model Provides the Best Description of the Chill Process on 'Sirora' Pistachio Trees in Australia." Hortscience 46(3): 420-425.
13. Luedeling, E., M. Zhang, et al. (2009). Validation of winter chill models using historic records of walnut phenology. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 149: 1854-1864.
14. Luedeling, E., L. Guo, et al. (2013). "Differential responses of trees to temperature variation during the chilling and forcing phases." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 181: 33-42.